Role of nutrients and their deficiency Symptoms

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Nitrogen


▪️Impart green colour to plant encourages vegetative growth
▪️ Nitrogen is essential constituent of protein
▪️ Constituent of Protoplasm of chlorophyll and coenzyme.
▪️ Play important role in 
synthesis of auxin

Deficiency

▪️ Lower leaves become yellow and dries.
▪️V shaped chlorosis on older leaves or yellowing at tip.


Disease

▪️Starvation disease due to nitrogen deficiency.
▪️Buttoning in cauliflower.

Phosphorous


▪️Increase the disease resistance.

▪️ Enhance new cell formation and necessary for root development. 

▪️Required for grain formation and maturity of grains.

▪️Phosphorus is essential constituent for nucleic acid and phytin.

▪️Most essential functions are energy storage and transfer energy act as "energy currency".

Deficiency


▪️Due to deficiency of single element the life cycle of plant can't be completed hence Phosphorus is called " key of life "

▪️Deficiency imparts dark green colour in leaves.

▪️Later develops red purple colourration.

Disease


▪️Sickle leaf diseases.

Potassium


▪️Most essential function of K+ is stomata regulation.

▪️Provides disease resistance in plants.

▪️Cofactor for enzymes.

▪️Formation and translocation of Sugars.

▪️Helps in chlorophyll formation.

Dificiency


▪️Spot of dead tissue at tips.

▪️Scorching and burning on margins of autumn leaves.

Disease


▪️Rottle/ dieback disease.


Calcium


▪️ It is constituent of cell wall

▪️ Calcium is a mobile in plants and deficiency symptoms appear on Meristem tip portion.

Deficiency

▪️ Terminal bud die

Disease 

▪️Tip hooking.
▪️ Blossom end rot of tomato(BER).
▪️Popping in groundnut.

Magnesium


▪️ Essential constituent of chlorophyll.

▪️ Magnesium is a constituent of chlorophyll.

▪️Chlorosis between veins.

Disease 

▪️Sand -drown disease of tobacco.

Sulphur 


▪️ Sulphur oxidizing Bacteria is Thiobacillus. 
▪️Sulphur is essential for oil seed and pulses because it improves oil content and protein content in oil seeds and pulses, respectively.

Disease

▪️Akiochi disease of rice due to Excess of hydrogen sulphide.
▪️Tea yellow disease of tea.

Iron


▪️Fe is the component of nitrate reductase. 
▪️Required for nitrogen fixation.
▪️During respiration act as O2 carrier.

Deficiency

▪️Interveinal complete chlorosis.
▪️Scorching of leaf margin.
▪️Yellowing of iron chlorosis in groundnut.


Manganese 


▪️Formation of chlorophyll.
▪️Co-factor of enzyme.
▪️Mn toxicity causes crinckle leaf of cotton.

Deficiency 

▪️Dead spot on leaves.

Desease

▪️Marsh spot of pea.
▪️Pahala blight of sugarcane.

Copper

▪️Compound of plastocyanin.
▪Essential for photosynthesis/ respiration
▪️Dieback and reclamation disease of cereals.

Boron


▪ Necessary for Pollen germination.

▪️Boron is the only non-metal element among the micronutrient.

▪️It is necessary for translocation of Sugars and is involved in reproduction and germination of pollen.

Disease :


▪️Browning of cauliflower is caused by Boron deficiency.

▪️Top sickness of tobacco.

▪️Fruit cracking of tomato.

▪️Hard fruit of citrus.

▪️Hen and chick disease of grape.

Zinc 


▪️In plants it is required for biosynthesis of hormones.

▪️Zn deficiency causes-

-White bud of maize.
-Khaira disease of rice.
-Little leaf of cotton.
-Mottled leaf of citrus. 
-Rosette formation.

Cobalt 


▪️It is component of Vitamin B

▪️It is essential for formation of type of hemoglobin in N-fixing nodule tissue known as leghaemogloin.

▪️Act as O2 carrier in roots.

▪️Also known as animal protein factor

Molybdenum


▪️Mo: absorbed as molybdate MoO4-2 forms.

▪️Mo is important component of enzyme: Nitrate reductage.

▪️N-fixation in pulses.

▪️Whiptail of cauliflower is due to deficiency of Mo.

▪️Mo is required for carrot & raphanus for sweetness.

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