DISEASES OF CEREAL CROPS



DISEASES OF FIELD CROPS



RICE

S.no

Disease

Causal organism

1. 

Blast

Pyricularia oryzae

2. 

Brown Spot or Sesame leaf spot

Helminthosporium oryzae 

3. 

Sheath rot

Sarocladium oryzae

4. 

Stem rot

Sclerotium oryzae

5. 

Narrow brown leaf spot

Cercospora oryzae

6. 

Sheath blight

Rhizoctonia solani

7. 

False smut

Ustilaginoidea virens

8. 

Bacterial leaf blight

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

9. 

Bacterial leaf streak

Xanthomonas campestris p.v. oryzicola

10. 

Tungro disease

Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV)  

Rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV)

11. 

Udbatta disease  

Ephelis oryzae

12. 

Stackburn disease 

Trichoconis padwickii

13. 

Bunt or Kernel Smut / black smut 

Tilletia barclayana

14. 

Foot rot or Bakanae disease 

Fusarium moniliforme

15. 

Rice Grassy stunt disease 

Rice grassy stunt tenuivirus

16. 

Rice dwarf 

Rice dwarf virus

17. 

Rice ragged stunt disease 

Rice ragged stunt virus

18. 

Rice yellow dwarf disease 

Rice yellow dwarf virus



SORGHUM


19. 

 Downy Mildew 

Peronosclerospora sorghi

20. 

Leaf blight

Exerohilum turcicum

21. 

Rectangular Leaf spot 

Cercospora sorghi 

22. 

Anthracnose and red rot 

Colletotrichum graminicolum

23. 

Rust   

Puccinia purpurea 

24. 

Grain smut/Kernel smut /

Covered smut / Short smut   

Sphacelotheca sorghi 

25. 

Head smut 

Sphacelotheca reiliana 

26. 

Ergot or Sugary disease   

Sphacelia sorghi 

27. 

Head mould/Grain mould/Head blight

Fusarium, Curvularia, Alternaria,

Aspergillus , Phoma. Fusarium semitectum

28. 

Phanerogamic parasite 

Striga asiatica and Striga densiflora 

29. 

Charcoal rot or hollow stem or stalk rot blight

Macrophomina phaseolina 

30. 

Downy Mildew or Leaf shredding

Peronosclerospora sorghi 



MAIZE


31. 

Phlippine downy mildew   

Peronosclerospora philippinensis 

32. 

Crazy top  

Sclerophthora macrospora

33. 

Leaf blight   

Helminthosporium maydis 

34. 

Rust   

Puccinia sorghi

35. 

Head smut   

Sphacelotheca reiliana

36. 

Charcoal rot   

Macrophomina phaseolina 

37. 

Banded leaf and sheath blight

Rhizoctonia solani

38. 

Mosaic 

Maize mosaic potyvirus


WHEAT

39. 

Black or stem rust 

Puccinia graminis tritici

40. 

Brown or leaf rust    

Puccinia triticina (P. recondita)

41. 

Yellow or stripe rust   

Puccinia striiformis

42. 

Loose smut 

Ustilago nuda tritici (Ustilago tritici)

43. 

Flag smut   

Urocystis tritici

44. 

Hill bunt or Stinking smut 

Tilletia caries / T.foetida

45. 

Karnal bunt 

Neovassia indica

46. 

Foot rot   

Pythium graminicolum ,P. arrhenomanes

47. 

Powdery mildew   

Erysiphe graminis var. tritici

48. 

Leaf blight   

Alternaria triticina / Bipolaris sorokiniana

49. 

Tundu or yellow ear rot: 

Corynebacterium tritici + Anguina tritici

50. 

Seedling blight: 

Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium sp

51. 

Molya disease:

Heterodera avenae (Nematode)



PEARL MILLET

52. 

Downy mildew   

Sclerospora graminicola

53. 

Smut   

Tolyposporium penicillariae

54. 

Rust   

Puccinia pennisetti

55. 

Ergot or Sugary disease   

Claviceps fusiformis



RAGI / FINGER MILLET

56. 

Blast

Pyricularia grisea

57. 

Smut

Melanopsichium eleusinis

58. 

Mosaic

Sugarcane mosaic virus



DISEASES OF PULSE CROPS


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